Quality of life in pregnant women: Association with demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric, and health conditions factors / Calidad de vida en gestantes: Asociación con factores demográficos, socioeconómicos, obstétricos y de condiciones de salud

Abstract Introduction During pregnancy, there are changes that influence a woman's quality of life. Objective To analyze the quality of life and its association with demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric, and health conditions in pregnant women. Method Quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF, and to evaluate the association between quality of life domains and exposure variables (demographics, socioeconomic, obstetrics, and health conditions) the inflated beta regression was used. Results In the physical domain, pregnant women had lower scores: with higher parity (OR = .71; 95% CI = [.59, .84]), third pregnancy trimester (OR = .74; 95% CI [.61, .89]), reported common symptom (OR = .80; 95% CI = [.67, .95]), or morbidity (OR = .67; 95% CI [.57, .79]). In the psychological domain, women with planned pregnancy had higher scores (OR = 1.20; 95% CI= [1.04, 1.37]), while those who reported common symptoms (OR = .75; 95% CI = [.63, .89]), or morbidity (OR = .82; 95% CI = [.70, .95]) had the worst scores. Higher income was associated with higher scores in the social relationships domain (OR = 1.22; 95% CI = [1.03, 1.45]). Women in their second pregnancy had lower scores in the environment domain (OR = .84; 95% CI = [.72, .98]), while those with intermediate income had higher scores (OR = 1.23; 95% CI = [1.05, 1.43]). Discussion and conclusion Lower quality of life scores were associated with obstetrics and health conditions variables, while higher scores were related with demographics and socioeconomics variables. The multidimensionality of factors associated with the domains of quality of life during pregnancy is also highlighted, which stresses the importance of intersectoral actions for women in social vulnerability.

Resumen Introducción Durante el embarazo hay cambios que influyen en la calidad de vida de la mujer. Objetivo Analizar la calidad de vida y su asociación con las condiciones demográficas, socioeconómicas, obstétricas y de salud en gestantes. Método La calidad de vida se midió utilizando el WHOQOL-BREF, en tanto que para evaluar la asociación entre los dominios de la calidad de vida y las variables de exposición (demográficas, socioeconómicas, obstétricas y condiciones de salud) se utilizó la regresión beta inflada. Resultados en el dominio físico, las gestantes tuvieron puntuaciones más bajas: con mayor paridad (OR = .71; IC 95% [.59, .84]), tercer trimestre de gestación (OR = .74; IC 95% = [.61, .89]), síntoma común reportado (OR = .80; IC 95% = [.67, .95]) o morbilidad (OR = .67; IC 95% = [.57, .79]). En el dominio psicológico, las mujeres con embarazo planificado tuvieron puntuaciones más altas (OR = 1.20; IC 95% = [1.04, 1.37]), mientras que aquellas que informaron síntomas comunes (OR = .75; IC 95% = [63, .89]) o morbilidad (OR = .82; IC 95% = [.70, .95]) obtuvieron las peores puntuaciones. Los ingresos más altos se asociaron con puntuaciones más altas en el dominio de las relaciones sociales (OR = 1.22; IC 95% = [1.03, 1.45]). Las mujeres que estaban en su segundo embarazo tuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en el dominio del medio ambiente (OR = .84; IC 95% = [.72, .98]), mientras que aquellas con ingresos intermedios tuvieron puntuaciones más altas (OR = 1.23; IC 95% = [1.05, 1.43]). Discusión y conclusión Los puntajes más bajos de calidad de vida se asociaron con variables obstétricas y condiciones de salud, mientras que los puntajes más altos se asociaron con variables demográficas y socioeconómicas. También sobresale la multidimensionalidad de los factores asociados a los dominios de la calidad de vida durante el embarazo, lo que destaca la importancia de las acciones transversales para las mujeres en situación de vulnerabilidad social.

Worker health impacts from working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. With the rapid spread of the virus, the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020 declared the initial outbreak of the disease a pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To assess the challenges and consequences of working from home on worker health during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Cross-sectional and descriptive study developed in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, from December 2020 to January 2021. An online questionnaire was used to interview workers working from home and later a statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: 327 workers from various fields of activity participated, mainly those from the south of the country, women, and workers who develop activities in education. In addition, results show anxiety and/or irritability, weight gain, discouragement, headaches and muscle and joint problems. CONCLUSION: Most participants found an increase in working hours while working from home, with several breaks during the day and adequate furniture. However, there was a worsening of physical pain and changes in symptoms of anxiety, weight gain, discouragement and headaches.

Risco de quedas no pós-operatório de videolaparoscopias e laparotomias / Risk of falls in the postoperative period of videolaparoscopies and laparotomies / Riesgo de caídas en el postoperatorio de video laparoscopias y laparotomías

Objetivo: Comparar o risco de quedas por meio da Morse Fall Scale (MFS) de pacientes submetidos a laparotomia e videolaparoscopia. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional, realizado entre março e julho de 2019, na clínica cirúrgica de um hospital público universitário, situado em Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Aplicou-se um questionário desenvolvido pelos autores no primeiro dia de pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal e avaliou-se o risco de quedas por meio do MFS. Resultados: Participaram 102 pacientes submetidos a cirurgias abdominais, 58 videolaparoscopias, 27 laparotomias e 17 bariátricas. A média de idade apresentou-se como de 50,34 (±15,11), sendo 70 (68,63%) do sexo feminino e 32 (31,37%) do sexo masculino. A análise estatística evidenciou o alto risco de quedas nas cirurgias bariátricas, de maneira que a associação do risco com o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) observou que quanto maior o IMC mais alto o risco de quedas. Dessa forma, também se observou um aumento do risco de quedas na associação do IMC e a idade. Os domínios que demonstraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos eram o histórico de quedas, o diagnóstico secundário e a marcha/ transferência. Conclusão: O risco de quedas nos pacientes avaliados mostrou relação com o tipo de cirurgia e com fatores de risco preexistentes, além disso, aumenta-se proporcionalmente à idade do paciente e ao IMC.

Objective: To compare the risk of falls using the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) of patients undergoing laparotomy and video laparoscopy.Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study, carried out between March and July 2019, in the surgical clinic of a public university hospital in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. A questionnaire developed by the authors was applied on the first postoperative day of abdominal surgery, and the risk of falls was assessed using the MFS. Results: 102 patients submitted to abdominal surgeries participated, 58 videolaparoscopies, 27 laparotomies, and 17 bariatric surgeries. The mean age was 50.34 (±15.11), 70 (68.63%) were female, and 32 (31.37%) were male. The statistical analysis showed the high risk of falls in bariatric surgeries, so that the association of it with the Body Mass Index (BMI) observed that the higher the BMI, the higher the risk of falls. Thus, an increased risk of falls was also observed in the association of BMI and age. The domains that showed statistically significant differences between the groups were history of falls, secondary diagnosis, and gait/transfer. Conclusion: The risk of falls in the patients evaluated was related to the type of surgery and pre-existing risk factors. In addition, it increases proportionally to the patient's age and BMI.

Objetivo: Comparar el riesgo de caídas a través del Morse Fall Scale (MFS) de pacientes sometidos a laparotomía y vídeo laparoscopia. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional realizado entre marzo y julio de 2019 em la clínica quirúrgica de un hospital público universitario de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Se aplicó una encuesta desarrollada por los autores en el primer día del postoperatorio de cirugía abdominal y se evaluó el riesgo de caídas a través del MFS. Resultados: Han participado 102 pacientes sometidos a cirugías abdominales, 58 video laparoscopias, 27 laparotomías e 17 cirugías bariátricas. La media de edad se presentó de 50,34 (±15,11) con 70 (68,63%) personas del sexo femenino y 32 (31,37%) del sexo masculino. El análisis estadístico evidenció el elevado riesgo de caídas en las cirugías bariátricas de manera que en la asociación entre el riesgo y el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) se observó que al mayor IMC más alto es el riesgo de caídas. Deesa manera, también se ha percibido un aumento del riesgo de caídas en la asociación entre el IMC y la edad. Los dominios que demostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos eran el histórico de caídas, el diagnóstico secundario y la marcha/transferencia. Conclusión: El riesgo de caídas de los pacientes evaluados mostró relación entre el tipo de cirugía y los factores de riesgo preexistentes, además de eso, se aumenta en proporción con la edad del paciente y el IMC.

Riscos ergonômicos e biomecânicos ocupacionais no transporte de pacientes no centro cirúrgico: pesquisa qualiquantitativa de estudo transversal / Occupational ergonomic and biomechanical risks in patient transporting in the operating room: Qualitive and Quantitative research of cross-sectional study

INTRODUÇÃO: OBJETIVO: Investigar os riscos ergonômicos e biomecânicos ocupacionais em profissionais da enfermagem no transporte de pacientes, no centro cirúrgico de um hospital público. METODOLOGIA: Estudo de caráter exploratório, observacional e descritivo. Para tanto, utilizou-se o Questionário Internacional da Atividade Física (IPAQ), que analisa diferentes contextos do cotidiano para estimar o tempo semanal gasto em caminhadas, atividades físicas de intensidade moderada, vigorosa e atividades passivas (tempo sentado). O Questionário Nórdico, possibilita a identificação de distúrbios osteomusculares nos 12 meses e 7 dias anteriores à entrevista. Permite também um diagnóstico do posto de trabalho pela sua relação com a prevalência do local e tempo do surgimento dos sintomas dolorosos. Além disso, aplicou-se a metodologia da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET). RESULTADOS: De acordo com a análise dos dados coletados participaram deste estudo 44 profissionais da enfermagem, 32 (72,7%) eram do gênero feminino e 13 (29,54%) do gênero masculino. Quando analisado a especialidade: 24 (54,5 %) eram auxiliares de enfermagem, técnicos de enfermagem correspondem à 14 (31,8 %) e Enfermeiros 6 (13,6 %). O questionário IPAQ demonstrou que 16 (35%), destes profissionais mantém-se ativos. Por meio da análise ergonômica do trabalho, as variáveis como, tipo de maca, condições de manutenção, tipo de anestesia, idade do paciente, entre outros, interferem em maiores ou menores esforços no transporte de pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Desse modo, tornam-se necessárias a adoção de medidas preventivas que visem a melhoria do estado de saúde prevenindo complicações musculoesqueléticas no desempenho das atividades. Além de promover boas condições de trabalho aos profissionais no seu ambiente profissional, bem como trazer benefícios ao hospital.

INTRODUCTION: OBJECTIVE: To investigate occupational ergonomic and biomechanical risks in nursing professionals in patient transporting in the operating room of a public hospital. METHODOLOGY: Exploratory, observational and descriptive study. For this the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, which analyzes different daily contexts to estimate weekly time spent walking, moderate, vigorous intensity physical activity and passive activities (sitting time). The Nordic Questionnaire enables the identification of musculoskeletal disorders in the period of 12 months and 7 days prior to the interview. It also allows a diagnosis of the workplace by its relation with the prevalence of the place and time of the onset of painful symptoms. In addition, the methodology of Ergonomic Workplace Analysis (EWA) was applied. RESULTS: According to the analysis of the collected data, 44 nursing professionals participated of this study, 32 (72.7%) were female and 13 (29.54%) were male. When analyzing the specialty: 24 (54.5%) were nursing assistants, nursing technicians correspond to 14 (31.8%) and Nurses 6 (13.6%). The IPAQ questionnaire showed that 16 (35%) of these professionals remain active. Through ergonomic analysis of the workplace, variables such as stretcher type, maintenance conditions, type of anesthesia, patient age, among others, interfere with greater or lesser efforts in patient transport. CONCLUSION: Thus, it becomes necessary the adoption of preventive measures aimed at improving health by preventing musculoskeletal complications in the performance of activities. Besides promoting good working conditions for professionals in their professional environment, as well as bringing benefits to the hospital.